Therapeutic Efficacy of Jalookavacharana (Leech Therapy) in Paediatric Indralupta (Alopecia Areata): A Case Report

Abstract

Indralupta, correlating with Alopecia Areata in contemporary dermatology, is characterized by localized, non-scarring hair loss resulting from Kapha-Pitta vitiation obstructing the hair follicles and Vata-induced cessation of hair growth. Para-surgical measures described in Ayurveda, particularly Raktamokshana, play a significant role in addressing such conditions by removing vitiated doshas from the affected site. This case highlights the use of leech therapy as a stand-alone intervention in pediatric Indralupta. In this case report , a 8-year-old female child presented with a 5-cm alopecic patch over the frontal scalp with preserved follicular openings and no erythema or scaling. Ayurvedic evaluation suggested deranged Vata–Pitta associated with Srotas obstruction. Considering the tender age and the need for a safe, minimally invasive procedure, Jalooka (medicinal leech) therapy was selected as the primary intervention. Jalookavacharaṇa was performed at regular intervals using medicinal leeches applied to the periphery of the alopecic patch to draw vitiated blood and reduce local stagnation. A gentle scalp massage (Mṛdu Abhyanga) was recommended to enhance local microcirculation. Significant reduction in local inflammation, improved perifollicular circulation, and visible initiation of hair regrowth were observed over the treatment period. By week 4, early vellus hair growth was observed. By week 8, approximately 70–80% terminal hair regrowth had occurred. At week 12, complete cosmetic regrowth was achieved with no recurrence during follow-up. No adverse reactions to Jalookavacharaṇa were observed, and the child reported increased confidence. This case suggests that Jalookavacharaṇa may serve as an effective, non-pharmacological Ayurvedic intervention for pediatric Indralupta. The procedure was well tolerated, with no adverse events noted.  Broader controlled studies are needed to confirm efficacy and establish standardized protocols.