An Ayurvedic Approach to Primary Infertility Associated with Bicornuate Uterus, Adenomyosis, PCOS, and Oligozoospermia: A Case Report

Abstract

Infertility is a multifactorial condition involving female, male, or combined factors. Congenital uterine anomalies such as bicornuate uterus, uterine pathologies like adenomyosis, endocrine disorders including polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), and male factor abnormalities can independently or collectively impair conception. Ayurveda offers a holistic framework for managing infertility by addressing systemic, structural, and functional derangements. A 30-year-old woman with 8 years of primary infertility was diagnosed with a bicornuate uterus, adenomyosis, and mild polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). She also had a history of severe anemia, hypothyroidism, and low body mass index. Two previous intrauterine insemination (IUI) attempts were unsuccessful, and in vitro fertilization (IVF) was advised. Her spouse was diagnosed with Oligozoospermia, had undergone varicocele surgery, and presented with a history of chronic alcohol consumption. The couple subsequently opted for Ayurvedic management. The case was diagnosed as Anapatyatha in Ayurveda. The female partner was managed with a systematically planned Panchakarma protocol, including Deepana–Pachana, Snehapana, Virechana, and Yoga Basti, followed by appropriate Shamana therapy. The male partner underwent Paithika Madatyaya Chikitsa along with Shukra-vardhaka interventions aimed at correcting dosha imbalance and improving semen parameters. Natural conception occurred within one menstrual cycle following completion of therapy. Pregnancy was confirmed on 10/07/2024. The antenatal period was uneventful, and a healthy male baby was delivered on 26/02/2025. This case demonstrates that individualized Ayurvedic management addressing both female and male factors can restore fertility even in complex infertility scenarios involving anatomical, endocrine, uterine, and semen abnormalities.